How to understand async vs sync in Spring AMQP? - java

I'm currently reading through Spring AMQP's official sample project along with it's corresponding explanations from Spring AMQP docs. The project involves an sync and async version, and the two only differs slightly. Here's the async version:
Producer config:
#Configuration
public class ProducerConfiguration {
protected final String helloWorldQueueName = "hello.world.queue";
#Bean
public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
template.setRoutingKey(this.helloWorldQueueName);
return template;
}
#Bean
public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
return new CachingConnectionFactory();
}
#Bean
public ScheduledProducer scheduledProducer() {
return new ScheduledProducer();
}
#Bean
public BeanPostProcessor postProcessor() {
return new ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor();
}
static class ScheduledProducer {
#Autowired
private volatile RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
private final AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger();
#Scheduled(fixedRate = 3000)
public void sendMessage() {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("Hello World " + counter.incrementAndGet());
}
}
}
Consumer config:
#Configuration
public class ConsumerConfiguration {
protected final String helloWorldQueueName = "hello.world.queue";
#Bean
public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
return new CachingConnectionFactory();
}
#Bean
public SimpleMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer() {
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
container.setQueueNames(this.helloWorldQueueName);
container.setMessageListener(new MessageListenerAdapter(new HelloWorldHandler()));
return container;
}
#Bean
public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
template.setRoutingKey(this.helloWorldQueueName);
template.setDefaultReceiveQueue(this.helloWorldQueueName);
return template;
}
#Bean
public Queue helloWorldQueue() {
return new Queue(this.helloWorldQueueName);
}
}
HelloWorldHandler:
public class HelloWorldHandler {
public void handleMessage(String text) {
System.out.println("Received: " + text);
}
}
As the docs explains:
Since this sample demonstrates asynchronous message reception, the producing side is designed to continuously send messages (if it were a message-per-execution model like the synchronous version, it would not be quite so obvious that it is, in fact, a message-driven consumer). The component responsible for continuously sending messages is defined as an inner class within the ProducerConfiguration. It is configured to run every three seconds.
I failed to understand what's "async" about this code, since, from my understanding, in a basic "synchronous fashion", operations like amqpTemplate.converAndSend() and amqpTemplate.receiveAndConvert() already peforms Rabbitmq's async actions, neither producer nor consumer are blocking when sending/receiving messages.
So, how's async in this example manifested? And how to understand async vs sync in the Spring AMQP context?

With async, the MessageListener is invoked by the framework; messages arrive whenever they are available.
With sync, the application calls a receive method which either returns immediately if no message is available, or blocks until a message arrives or a timeout expires.
In the sync case, the application controls when messages are received, with async, the framework is in control.

Related

Close connections related to SimpleMessageListenerContainer in Spring AMQP

I am currently working on an event-based async AMQP message listener, like this:
#Configuration
public class ExampleAmqpConfiguration {
#Bean(name = "container")
public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageListenerContainer() {
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(rabbitConnectionFactory());
container.setQueueName("some.queue");
container.setMessageListener(exampleListener());
return container;
}
#Bean
public ConnectionFactory rabbitConnectionFactory() {
CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory =
new CachingConnectionFactory("localhost");
connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
return connectionFactory;
}
#Bean
public MessageListener exampleListener() {
return new MessageListener() {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
System.out.println("received: " + message);
}
};
}
}
I have changed the container bean's autostart property to false. And I have autowired this bean to an event lister that starts the container when StartEvent happens:
#EventListener
public void startContainer(StartEvent startEvent) {
this.container.start();
}
At the same time, I have also autowired the bean to another event that stops the container and shutdowns the container, hoping that the container will be stopped and that there will be no lingering connection:
#EventListener
public void endContainer(EndEvent endEvent) {
this.container.stop();
this.container.shutdown();
}
However, after the EndEvent, I find in my RabbitMQ admin console that all the channels are closed but there is still a lingering connection.
Does that mean that shutdown() is not the right method to use to remove the lingering connection? If that's the case, what is the right method to use?
Thanks.
You need to call resetConnection() on the CachingConnectionFactory to close the connection; as implied by the class name; the connection is cached.

Spring Factory to create synchronous consumers listening to the queue

I am new to Spring Boot and coding for my college project work and I need some help.
I want to create a spring boot application, which starts a factory class that will create and starts 10 synchronous clients. These clients must be listening constantly to the queues. Below is my code. I am not sure, if I am on right track and need some help. Is my implementation correct? How can I make sure that 10 synchronous clients are created? How do I use identifier to identify which message client processed the message ?
Application.java
#SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
#Bean
public MesFactory mesFactory(){
return new MesFactory();
}
public static void main(String... args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
public class MesFactory {
private ExecutorService executorService =
Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
#PostConstruct
public void build(){
executorService.execute(() -> new MesClient());
}
}
#Component
#EnableJms
public class MesClient {
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(MesClient.class);
#Autowired
private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
#JmsListener(destination = "incoming-messages-queue")
public void receive(String message) {
System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">");
doPerformMessage(message);
}
public void doPerformMessage(String message){
// parsing happens here
}
#Bean
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
return new RMQConnectionFactory();
}
#Scheduled(fixedRate = 100000000L)
public void sendMessage() {
String message= "Hi World";
// Coerce a javax.jms.MessageCreator
MessageCreator messageCreator = (Session session) -> {
return session.createTextMessage(message);
};
// And publish to RabbitMQ using Spring's JmsTemplate
jmsTemplate.send("incoming-messages-queue", messageCreator);
}
}
Set the boot properties...
spring.jms.listener.concurrency=10
spring.jms.listener.max-concurrency=10
The listener container will start 10 threads - each consuming from the same queue; they will invoke the JMS listener method.
See the Spring Boot documentation - Application Properties and scroll down to the JMS section.

spring rabbit and spring transactions

I have a spring rabbit consumer like:
#Override public void onMessage(Message amqpMessage, Channel channel)
throws Exception {
//..some code goes here - I want it to be in spring transaction
}
The issue is the code which is in onMessage method is not under transaction. I checked it, I save data to 3 tables, then throw exception, then save to 4th table. And data from 3 previos tables is not being rolled back. How to do that properly in spring? I want all code in onMessage method to be within a transaction. Thanks
UPDATE
My rabbit conf:
#Configuration #ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.mycompany"})
public class TicketModeRabbit {
#Bean TicketModeConsumer ticketModeConsumer() {
return new TicketModeConsumer();
}
#Bean(name = TicketModeRabbitData.QUEUE_BEAN_NAME) Queue queue() {
return new Queue(TicketModeRabbitData.QUEUE_BEAN_NAME);
}
#Bean(name = TicketModeRabbitData.QUEUE_BINDING_NAME) Binding binding(
#Qualifier(TicketModeRabbitData.QUEUE_BEAN_NAME) Queue q, TopicExchange e) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(q).to(e).with(TicketModeRabbitData.QUEUE_TOKEN_NAME);
}
#Bean(name = TicketModeRabbitData.CONTAINER_NAME)
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
#Qualifier(TicketModeRabbitData.LISTENER_ADAPTED_NAME)
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
return WorkerConfigHelper
.rabbitConfigListenerContainer(connectionFactory, listenerAdapter,
TicketModeRabbitData.QUEUE_BEAN_NAME,
WorkerConfigHelper.GLOBAL_CONCURRENT_CONSUMERS);
}
#Bean(name = TicketModeRabbitData.LISTENER_ADAPTED_NAME)
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter() {
return new MessageListenerAdapter(ticketModeConsumer());
}
}
If your transaction manager is properly set up for your database, the only thing you need to do is add the #Transactional annotation on the onMessage method. Note that the consumer (MessageListener) needs to be a bean managed by the Spring container.
#Override
#Transactional
public void onMessage(Message amqpMessage, Channel channel)
throws Exception {
//..some code goes here - I want it to be in spring transaction
}

Possible Strange Behaviour in JMS Config Class

This is a separate yet related question to my earlier post here: Safely Terminating a Spring JMS application
My JMS application that I have using spring boot processes everything correctly and shuts down with no errors. To get this to work I changed a bean from:
#Bean
public DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory jmsListenerContainerFactory() {
DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory factory = new DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory();
factory.setConnectionFactory(mqConnectionFactory());
factory.setDestinationResolver(destinationResolver());
factory.setConcurrency("1");
factory.setErrorHandler(errorHandler());
factory.setSessionTransacted(true);
factory.setSessionAcknowledgeMode(Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE);
return factory;
}
To:
#Bean
public DefaultMessageListenerContainer defaultMessageListenerContainer() {
DefaultMessageListenerContainer jmsListenerContainer = new DefaultMessageListenerContainer();
jmsListenerContainer.setConnectionFactory(mqConnectionFactory());
jmsListenerContainer.setDestinationResolver(destinationResolver());
jmsListenerContainer.setDestinationName(queueName);
jmsListenerContainer.setConcurrency("1");
jmsListenerContainer.setErrorHandler(errorHandler());
jmsListenerContainer.setSessionTransacted(true);
jmsListenerContainer.setSessionAcknowledgeMode(Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE);
jmsListenerContainer.setAutoStartup(false);
return jmsListenerContainer;
}
The problem with this is, I could have created just a "hotfix", as my knowledge about spring is little. the line in the changed bean jmsListenerContainer.setAutoStartup(false); was added when I stumbled upon this post: http://forum.spring.io/forum/spring-projects/integration/79176-illegalstateexception-no-message-listener-specified as without the autoStartup set to false I get this after every processed message in my logs:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: No message listener specified - see property 'messageListener'
at org.springframework.jms.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.invokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:691) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.jms.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.doExecuteListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:651) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.jms.listener.AbstractPollingMessageListenerContainer.doReceiveAndExecute(AbstractPollingMessageListenerContainer.java:315) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.jms.listener.AbstractPollingMessageListenerContainer.receiveAndExecute(AbstractPollingMessageListenerContainer.java:253) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageListenerInvoker.invokeListener(DefaultMessageListenerContainer.java:1150) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageListenerInvoker.executeOngoingLoop(DefaultMessageListenerContainer.java:1142) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageListenerInvoker.run(DefaultMessageListenerContainer.java:1039) [spring-jms-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [?:1.8.0_74]
Everything still is processed and shut down correctly, I just see this in my logs. Not sure if there is a conflict in my config file or not that may be the root of this. I just want to make sure the changes won't cause problems, even though everything currently works as intended with no errors.
Lastly here is my entire configuration class:
#Configuration
#EnableJms
public class MQConfig {
private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(MQConfig.class.getName());
#Value("${mq.hostName}")
String host;
#Value("${mq.port}")
Integer port;
#Value("${mq.queueManager}")
String queueManager;
#Value("${mq.queueName}")
String queueName;
#Value("${mq.channel}")
String channel;
#Autowired
Environment environment;
#Bean
public DefaultMessageListenerContainer defaultMessageListenerContainer() {
DefaultMessageListenerContainer jmsListenerContainer = new DefaultMessageListenerContainer();
jmsListenerContainer.setConnectionFactory(mqConnectionFactory());
jmsListenerContainer.setDestinationResolver(destinationResolver());
jmsListenerContainer.setDestinationName(queueName);
jmsListenerContainer.setConcurrency("1");
jmsListenerContainer.setErrorHandler(errorHandler());
jmsListenerContainer.setSessionTransacted(true);
jmsListenerContainer.setSessionAcknowledgeMode(Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE);
jmsListenerContainer.setAutoStartup(false);
return jmsListenerContainer;
}
#Bean
public MQConnectionFactory mqConnectionFactory() {
MQConnectionFactory mqConnectionFactory = new MQConnectionFactory();
try {
mqConnectionFactory.setHostName(host);
mqConnectionFactory.setPort(port);
mqConnectionFactory.setQueueManager(queueManager);
mqConnectionFactory.setTransportType(1);
} catch (JMSException ex) {
logger.error(ex.getStackTrace());
}
return mqConnectionFactory;
}
#Bean
public DynamicDestinationResolver destinationResolver() {
DynamicDestinationResolver destinationResolver = new DynamicDestinationResolver();
try {
Connection connection = mqConnectionFactory().createConnection();
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
destinationResolver.resolveDestinationName(session, queueName, false);
} catch (JMSException ex) {
logger.error(ex.getStackTrace());
}
return destinationResolver;
}
#Bean
public MQQueue mqQueue() {
MQQueue mqQueue = new MQQueue();
try {
mqQueue.setBaseQueueName(queueName);
mqQueue.setBaseQueueManagerName(queueManager);
} catch (JMSException ex) {
logger.error(ex.getStackTrace());
}
return mqQueue;
}
#Bean
public JmsErrorHandler errorHandler(){
return new JmsErrorHandler();
}
#Bean
public MQManager mqHoldManager(){
return new MQManager(host, port, queueName,
queueManager, channel);
}
#Bean
public MQInitializer mqInitializer(){
return new MQInitializer(environment);
}
}
Thoughts? Is this messy?
EDIT: JMS Listener
#Component
public class MQConsumer {
#Resource(name = "mqHoldManager")
private MQManager mqHoldManager;
#Resource(name = "defaultMessageListenerContainer")
private DefaultMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer;
#Autowired
MQInitializer mqInitializer; /* To ensure this bean executes before Listener Setup not necessarily for any particular usage*/
final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(MQConsumer.class.getName());
private static ReportManager reportManager = new ReportManager();
private static boolean isFirstQueue = true;
#JmsListener(destination = "${mq.queueName}")
public void processOrder(String message) throws Exception {...}
I am confused.
DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory is for use with annotated POJO methods:
#JmsListener(...)
public void foo(String bar) {...}
The factory is used to create the listener container for the method.
With your replacement configuration, I don't see you ever configuring a message listener into the DefaultMessageListenerContainer.
Usually you would have container.setMessageListner(myListener) where myListener is a MessageListener, a SessionAwareMessageListener or a MessageListenerAdapter that wraps a POJO listener.
Setting autoStartup to false and never starting the container does nothing except add the container bean to the context.
I don't see how you can ever get any messages with that configuration.
EDIT
Are you using Spring Boot? If so, it will create a default jmsListenerContainerFactory for you - that is my best guess.
In which case, your stop code is not really stopping the actual container - just the "dummy" one that was never started.
I suggest you give your #JmsListener an id, #Autowire the JmsListenerEndpointRegistry and call registry.getListenerContainer("myListener").stop().
#JmsListener(id = "myListener", destination = "${mq.queueName}")

RabbitAdmin - Eager Declaration

I'm using Spring AMQP to set up remoting between different services, as described here. However, as I set a reply-timeout on my configuration, the first ever request always fails because the time taken to declare the queues, exchanges and binding exceeds the timeout:
The RabbitAdmin component can declare exchanges, queues and bindings
on startup. It does this lazily, through a ConnectionListener, so if
the broker is not present on startup it doesn't matter. The first time
a Connection is used (e.g. by sending a message) the listener will
fire and the admin features will be applied.
Is there any way the declaration can be made eagerly on startup instead of being made on the very first publish event to prevent the first request from always failing?
If you declare your queues with annotations:
#Configuration
public class QueuesConfiguration {
#Bean
public FanoutExchange exchange() {
return new FanoutExchange("exchange", true, false);
}
#Bean
public Binding binding() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue()).to(exchange());
}
#Bean
public Queue queue() {
return new Queue("queue");
}
#Bean
public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
}
}
then call the RabbitAdmin.initialize() manually on application startup with this:
#Component
public class ApplicationStartup implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent> {
#Autowired
private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin;
#Override
public void onApplicationEvent(final ApplicationReadyEvent event) {
rabbitAdmin.initialize();
}
}
As we see by that description and the code from the RabbitAdmin, the last one just populates the ConnectionListener to the provided ConnectionFactory.
That ConnectionListener.onCreate is invoked from the ConnectionFactory.createConnection().
So, you can handle, for example, ContextRefreshedEvent and just do void connectionFactory.createConnection() eagerly.
From other side RabbitAdmin has initialize() public method for the same purpose.
UPDATE
Actually ListenerContainer does that on its start() too. You must declare your queues, exchanges and binding in the app where you a have a listener and make it autoStartup = true. To be honest the listener app is responsible for the real Broker entities.
The sending app should get deal just only with exchangeName and routingKey.

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