Appending JSON to log file using GSON - java

I'm new to Java. I'm trying to learn basic I/O stuff. Currently, I'm trying to figure out how to write JSON to a file. In an effort to do this, I'm using GSON.
At this time, I'm successfully generating some JSON from a HashMap. My code for that process looks like the following:
HashMap<String, String> details = new HashMap<String, String>();
details.put("Property 1", "value A");
details.put("Property 2", "value B");
details.put("Property 3", "value C");
Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().disableHtmlEscaping().create();
String json = gson.toJson(details);
This code generates a JSON string that looks like the following:
{"Property 1":"value 1","Property 2":"value B","Property 3":"value C" }
I need to add this to a .json file on my machine. This file needs to be an array of these entries. I'm not sure how to read in an existing .json file it exists in array format and append to it. Is there a way to do that with GSON? If so, how?
Thank you

Look into the collection examples.
Modify your code to use collections of hash maps to serialize and deserialize.
Serialization:
Collection<HashMap<String, String>> details = new List<HashMap<String, String>>();
// add contents
String json = gson.toJson(details);
Deserialization:
String json = // read in file content
Type collectionType = new TypeToken<Collection<HashMap<String, String>>>(){}.getType();
Collection<HashMap<String, String>> details2 = gson.fromJson(json, collectionType);
In the "Collections limitations" part is written the following:
While deserializing, Collection must be of a specific generic type
I'm not sure, but that could mean, that you have to to set collectionType to use List and not Collection as specific type.

This web site shows an example with reading/wrinting simple json objects and arrays with gson.
http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/core-java/gson/convert-java-object-to-from-json-using-gson-example/

Related

Is there a way to update existing file with Json data in Java

We have a complex class containing Collection. Every object of this class should be written into file. Is there an efficient way to update the data of the files, instead of rewriting the whole content of the file.
Example:
ArrayList<String> arr = new ArrayList<>();
arr.add("foo");
arr.add("bar");
Gson gson = new Gson();
System.out.println(gson.toJson(arr));
arr.add("baz");
System.out.println(gson.toJson(arr));
Output:
["foo","bar"]
["foo","bar","baz"]

Serialized JSON String as Value in JSON

I want a serialized JSON string to be treated simply as a string in my JSON when reading it using Jackson. When I simply escape the serialized JSON string and use it as a value, the serialized string gets treated as part of the JSON and parsed. Any ideas as to how to go about doing this?
For example:
"{\"payload\":\"{id:\"some-random-id\",version:554471325}\"}"
I would like this to be read in memory something like the following:
{ payload: "{id:\"some-random-id\",version:554471325}" }
However, the parser is trying to read the serialized string as JSON and turn it into the following:
{ payload: {id:"some-random-id", version:554471325} }
Note the difference between the two outputs. In one case, the value associated with payload is a string, in the other it's a JSON object. I'm trying to get the former, what I'm getting instead is an attempt at the latter.
Valid JSON is "set of name/value pairs", so what are you missing is the name field, and it's the reason why it's beiing parsed.
For example if the JSON is:
{"data": "{\"payload\":\"{id:\"some-random-id\",version:554471325}\"}"}
the value of data is not going to be parsed.
Btw. the JSON in payload contains key names without quotes (should probably be {"id": 123, "version": 456})
UPDATE: Answer replaced because question changed.
The examples in the question are not valid JSON. To see what it should be, let's generate it as nested JSON strings:
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
Map<String, Object> payloadObj = Map.of("id", "some-random-id", "version", 554471325);
String payloadJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(payloadObj);
System.out.println(payloadJson);
Map<String, Object> rootObj = Map.of("payload", payloadJson);
String rootJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(rootObj);
System.out.println(rootJson);
String rootString = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(rootJson);
System.out.println(rootString);
Output
{"id":"some-random-id","version":554471325}
{"payload":"{\"id\":\"some-random-id\",\"version\":554471325}"}
"{\"payload\":\"{\\\"id\\\":\\\"some-random-id\\\",\\\"version\\\":554471325}\"}"
The third line of output is what should have been the text of the first block in the question.
"{\"payload\":\"{id:\"some-random-id\",version:554471325}\"}"
But as you can see, that text is lacking many double-quotes and backslashes, so it is not valid nested JSON strings, so you can't expect a JSON parser to parse it.
JSON parsers are often lenient, and will do its best to parse it anyway, but don't blame the parser if it gets it wrong. Blame the original text and fix that, rather than trying to parse bad JSON.
Original Answer
Keys are supposed to be names, or numbers, not entire complex objects, but if you want a JSON as the key in another JSON, just invoke the JSON serializer twice.
Example
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
Map<String, Object> data1 = Map.of("foo", 42, "bar", List.of(1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8));
String json1 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(data1);
System.out.println(json1);
Map<String, Object> data2 = Map.of("Test", "Hello World", json1, 3.14, "End", "Now!");
String json2 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(data2);
System.out.println(json2);
Note: Map.of() and List.of() are Java 9+
Output
{"foo":42,"bar":[1,1,2,3,5,8]}
{"{\"foo\":42,\"bar\":[1,1,2,3,5,8]}":3.14,"Test":"Hello World","End":"Now!"}
I know this is a terribly worded question, and I apologize for that. However, I can't come up with a better way of wording it and I'm unable to supply code. For anyone who stumbles on this and understands what I'm asking, I found a workaround.
I encoded the serialized JSON string to base64 so it was detected by Jackson as a string rather than a JSON object.
The example in the question above becomes:
"{\"payload\":\"e2lkOiJhbnktZXhlY3V...\"}"
where e2lkOiJhbnktZXhlY3V... is a base64 encoded representation of the string "{id:\"some-random-id\",version:554471325}"

How to obtain all the matches using a regex in java [duplicate]

Is there a way in Java/J2ME to convert a string, such as:
{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}
to an internal Object representation of the same, in one line of code?
Because the current method is too tedious:
Object n = create("new");
setString(p, "name", "MyNode");
setInteger(p, "width", 200);
setInteger(p, "height", 100);
Maybe a JSON library?
I used a few of them and my favorite is,
http://code.google.com/p/json-simple/
The library is very small so it's perfect for J2ME.
You can parse JSON into Java object in one line like this,
JSONObject json = (JSONObject)new JSONParser().parse("{\"name\":\"MyNode\", \"width\":200, \"height\":100}");
System.out.println("name=" + json.get("name"));
System.out.println("width=" + json.get("width"));
The simplest option is Jackson:
MyObject ob = new ObjectMapper().readValue(jsonString, MyObject.class);
There are other similarly simple to use libraries (Gson was already mentioned); but some choices are more laborious, like original org.json library, which requires you to create intermediate "JSONObject" even if you have no need for those.
GSON is a good option to convert java object to json object and vise versa.
It is a tool provided by google.
for converting json to java object use: fromJson(jsonObject,javaclassname.class)
for converting java object to json object use: toJson(javaObject)
and rest will be done automatically
For more information and for download
You can do this easily with Google GSON.
Let's say you have a class called User with the fields user, width, and height and you want to convert the following json string to the User object.
{"name":"MyNode", "width":200, "height":100}
You can easily do so, without having to cast (keeping nimcap's comment in mind ;) ), with the following code:
Gson gson = new Gson();
final User user = gson.fromJson(jsonString, User.class);
Where jsonString is the above JSON String.
For more information, please look into https://code.google.com/p/google-gson/
You have many JSON parsers for Java:
JSONObject.java
A JSONObject is an unordered collection of name/value pairs. Its external form is a string wrapped in curly braces with colons between the names and values, and commas between the values and names. The internal form is an object having get() and opt() methods for accessing the values by name, and put() methods for adding or replacing values by name. The values can be any of these types: Boolean, JSONArray, JSONObject, Number, and String, or the JSONObject.NULL object.
JSONArray.java
A JSONArray is an ordered sequence of values. Its external form is a string wrapped in square brackets with commas between the values. The internal form is an object having get() and opt() methods for accessing the values by index, and put() methods for adding or replacing values. The values can be any of these types: Boolean, JSONArray, JSONObject, Number, and String, or the JSONObject.NULL object.
JSONStringer.java
A JSONStringer is a tool for rapidly producing JSON text.
JSONWriter.java
A JSONWriter is a tool for rapidly writing JSON text to streams.
JSONTokener.java
A JSONTokener takes a source string and extracts characters and tokens from it. It is used by the JSONObject and JSONArray constructors to parse JSON source strings.
JSONException.java
A JSONException is thrown when a syntax or procedural error is detected.
JSONString.java
The JSONString is an interface that allows classes to implement their JSON serialization.
JSON official site is where you should look at. It provides various libraries which can be used with Java, I've personally used this one, JSON-lib which is an implementation of the work in the site, so it has exactly the same class - methods etc in this page.
If you click the html links there you can find anything you want.
In short:
to create a json object and a json array, the code is:
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put("variable1", o1);
obj.put("variable2", o2);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
array.put(obj);
o1, o2, can be primitive types (long, int, boolean), Strings or Arrays.
The reverse process is fairly simple, I mean converting a string to json object/array.
String myString;
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(myString);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray(myString);
In order to be correctly parsed you just have to know if you are parsing an array or an object.
Use google GSON library for this
public static <T> T getObject(final String jsonString, final Class<T> objectClass) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
return gson.fromJson(jsonString, objectClass);
}
http://iandjava.blogspot.in/2014/01/java-object-to-json-and-json-to-java.html
Like many stated already, A pretty simple way to do this using JSON.simple as below
import org.json.JSONObject;
String someJsonString = "{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}";
JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(someJsonString);
And then use jsonObj to deal with JSON Object. e.g jsonObj.get("name");
As per the below link, JSON.simple is showing constant efficiency for both small and large JSON files
http://blog.takipi.com/the-ultimate-json-library-json-simple-vs-gson-vs-jackson-vs-json/
JSON IO is by far the easiest way to convert a JSON string or JSON input stream to a Java Object
String to Java Object
Object obj = JsonReader.jsonToJava("[\"Hello, World\"]");
https://code.google.com/p/json-io/
This is an old question and json-simple (https://code.google.com/p/json-simple/) could be a good solution at that time, but please consider that project seems not to be active for a while !
I suggest the Gson which is now hosted at: https://github.com/google/gson
If performance is your issue you can have a look at some benchmarks http://blog.takipi.com/the-ultimate-json-library-json-simple-vs-gson-vs-jackson-vs-json/ which compare.
Apart from www.json.org you can also implement your own parser using javacc and matching your personnal grammar/schema.
See this note on my blog : http://plindenbaum.blogspot.com/2008/07/parsing-json-with-javacc-my-notebook.html
I've written a library that uses json.org to parse JSON, but it will actually create a proxy of an interface for you. The code/JAR is on code.google.com.
http://fixjures.googlecode.com/
I don't know if it works on J2ME. Since it uses Java Reflection to create proxies, I'm thinking it won't work. Also, it's currently got a hard dependency on Google Collections which I want to remove and it's probably too heavyweight for your needs, but it allows you to interact with your JSON data in the way you're looking for:
interface Foo {
String getName();
int getWidth();
int getHeight();
}
Foo myFoo = Fixjure.of(Foo.class).from(JSONSource.newJsonString("{ name : \"foo name\" }")).create();
String name = myFoo.getName(); // name now .equals("foo name");
Just make a Json object in java with the following Json String.In your case
{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}
if the above is your Json string , just create a Json Object with it.
JsonString ="{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}";
JSONObject yourJsonObject = new JSONObject(JsonString);
System.out.println("name=" + yourJsonObject.getString("name"));
System.out.println("width=" + yourJsonObject.getString("width"));
Jackson for big files, GSON for small files, and JSON.simple for handling both.

Java XStream with HashMap

I want to use XStream to convert a java hash to a json hash. I feel like this should be easier than it seems. What I'm looking for is a way to make:
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("first", "value1");
map.put("second", "value2");
become
{'first' : 'value1', 'second' : 'value2' }
The closes I have converts it into a series of arrays.
XStream xstream = new XStream(new JettisonMappedXmlDriver() {
public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer writer) {
return new JsonWriter(writer, JsonWriter.DROP_ROOT_MODE);
}
});
xstream.toXML(map);
which becomes
[["first", "value1"], ["second", "value2"]]
I feel like converting a java hash to json hash should be straight forward. Am I missing something?
The thing is that XStream is first and foremost designed to marshal and unmarshal Java objects to XML, JSON being just an afterthought, it most certainly has the least elegant support.
The technical problem being that as XStream must support both - XML and JSON formats, JSON map representation suffers, as there is no native way to represent a map-like structures in XML.
You can try to use the "official" json lib for java from json.org.
Calling:
JSONObject jsobj = new JSONObject(map);
String strJson = jsobj.toString();
I had similar issues when converting to jSon. My solution to this problem was to have the string already formatted to JSon before dropping into the file (in my case a database). The most efficient process I have come up with so far was to create a toJson function inside my classes to work just like toString.
Example:
Converts the objects data output string into Json format
public JsonObject toJson()
{
JsonObject temp = new JsonObject();
temp.addProperty(tagName,floatData);
return temp;
}
So for you, implement a similar process while populating your map.

Convert a JSON string to object in Java ME?

Is there a way in Java/J2ME to convert a string, such as:
{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}
to an internal Object representation of the same, in one line of code?
Because the current method is too tedious:
Object n = create("new");
setString(p, "name", "MyNode");
setInteger(p, "width", 200);
setInteger(p, "height", 100);
Maybe a JSON library?
I used a few of them and my favorite is,
http://code.google.com/p/json-simple/
The library is very small so it's perfect for J2ME.
You can parse JSON into Java object in one line like this,
JSONObject json = (JSONObject)new JSONParser().parse("{\"name\":\"MyNode\", \"width\":200, \"height\":100}");
System.out.println("name=" + json.get("name"));
System.out.println("width=" + json.get("width"));
The simplest option is Jackson:
MyObject ob = new ObjectMapper().readValue(jsonString, MyObject.class);
There are other similarly simple to use libraries (Gson was already mentioned); but some choices are more laborious, like original org.json library, which requires you to create intermediate "JSONObject" even if you have no need for those.
GSON is a good option to convert java object to json object and vise versa.
It is a tool provided by google.
for converting json to java object use: fromJson(jsonObject,javaclassname.class)
for converting java object to json object use: toJson(javaObject)
and rest will be done automatically
For more information and for download
You can do this easily with Google GSON.
Let's say you have a class called User with the fields user, width, and height and you want to convert the following json string to the User object.
{"name":"MyNode", "width":200, "height":100}
You can easily do so, without having to cast (keeping nimcap's comment in mind ;) ), with the following code:
Gson gson = new Gson();
final User user = gson.fromJson(jsonString, User.class);
Where jsonString is the above JSON String.
For more information, please look into https://code.google.com/p/google-gson/
You have many JSON parsers for Java:
JSONObject.java
A JSONObject is an unordered collection of name/value pairs. Its external form is a string wrapped in curly braces with colons between the names and values, and commas between the values and names. The internal form is an object having get() and opt() methods for accessing the values by name, and put() methods for adding or replacing values by name. The values can be any of these types: Boolean, JSONArray, JSONObject, Number, and String, or the JSONObject.NULL object.
JSONArray.java
A JSONArray is an ordered sequence of values. Its external form is a string wrapped in square brackets with commas between the values. The internal form is an object having get() and opt() methods for accessing the values by index, and put() methods for adding or replacing values. The values can be any of these types: Boolean, JSONArray, JSONObject, Number, and String, or the JSONObject.NULL object.
JSONStringer.java
A JSONStringer is a tool for rapidly producing JSON text.
JSONWriter.java
A JSONWriter is a tool for rapidly writing JSON text to streams.
JSONTokener.java
A JSONTokener takes a source string and extracts characters and tokens from it. It is used by the JSONObject and JSONArray constructors to parse JSON source strings.
JSONException.java
A JSONException is thrown when a syntax or procedural error is detected.
JSONString.java
The JSONString is an interface that allows classes to implement their JSON serialization.
JSON official site is where you should look at. It provides various libraries which can be used with Java, I've personally used this one, JSON-lib which is an implementation of the work in the site, so it has exactly the same class - methods etc in this page.
If you click the html links there you can find anything you want.
In short:
to create a json object and a json array, the code is:
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put("variable1", o1);
obj.put("variable2", o2);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
array.put(obj);
o1, o2, can be primitive types (long, int, boolean), Strings or Arrays.
The reverse process is fairly simple, I mean converting a string to json object/array.
String myString;
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(myString);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray(myString);
In order to be correctly parsed you just have to know if you are parsing an array or an object.
Use google GSON library for this
public static <T> T getObject(final String jsonString, final Class<T> objectClass) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
return gson.fromJson(jsonString, objectClass);
}
http://iandjava.blogspot.in/2014/01/java-object-to-json-and-json-to-java.html
Like many stated already, A pretty simple way to do this using JSON.simple as below
import org.json.JSONObject;
String someJsonString = "{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}";
JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(someJsonString);
And then use jsonObj to deal with JSON Object. e.g jsonObj.get("name");
As per the below link, JSON.simple is showing constant efficiency for both small and large JSON files
http://blog.takipi.com/the-ultimate-json-library-json-simple-vs-gson-vs-jackson-vs-json/
JSON IO is by far the easiest way to convert a JSON string or JSON input stream to a Java Object
String to Java Object
Object obj = JsonReader.jsonToJava("[\"Hello, World\"]");
https://code.google.com/p/json-io/
This is an old question and json-simple (https://code.google.com/p/json-simple/) could be a good solution at that time, but please consider that project seems not to be active for a while !
I suggest the Gson which is now hosted at: https://github.com/google/gson
If performance is your issue you can have a look at some benchmarks http://blog.takipi.com/the-ultimate-json-library-json-simple-vs-gson-vs-jackson-vs-json/ which compare.
Apart from www.json.org you can also implement your own parser using javacc and matching your personnal grammar/schema.
See this note on my blog : http://plindenbaum.blogspot.com/2008/07/parsing-json-with-javacc-my-notebook.html
I've written a library that uses json.org to parse JSON, but it will actually create a proxy of an interface for you. The code/JAR is on code.google.com.
http://fixjures.googlecode.com/
I don't know if it works on J2ME. Since it uses Java Reflection to create proxies, I'm thinking it won't work. Also, it's currently got a hard dependency on Google Collections which I want to remove and it's probably too heavyweight for your needs, but it allows you to interact with your JSON data in the way you're looking for:
interface Foo {
String getName();
int getWidth();
int getHeight();
}
Foo myFoo = Fixjure.of(Foo.class).from(JSONSource.newJsonString("{ name : \"foo name\" }")).create();
String name = myFoo.getName(); // name now .equals("foo name");
Just make a Json object in java with the following Json String.In your case
{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}
if the above is your Json string , just create a Json Object with it.
JsonString ="{name:"MyNode", width:200, height:100}";
JSONObject yourJsonObject = new JSONObject(JsonString);
System.out.println("name=" + yourJsonObject.getString("name"));
System.out.println("width=" + yourJsonObject.getString("width"));
Jackson for big files, GSON for small files, and JSON.simple for handling both.

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